Cluny Macpherson (physician)

Dr Cluny Macpherson, Egypt 1915

Indian infantry in the trenches, prepared against a gas attack (Photo 24-300)

Cluny Macpherson (March 18, 1879 – November 16, 1966) was a Newfoundland physician and inventor who is best known for his invention of the gas mask during World War I. Born in St. John's, Newfoundland, Macpherson was a key figure in the medical community of Newfoundland and played a significant role in the development of medical practices and innovations during his time.

Early Life and Education

Cluny Macpherson was born into a prominent family in Newfoundland. He pursued his education in medicine at the University of Edinburgh, where he graduated with a medical degree. After completing his studies, Macpherson returned to Newfoundland, where he began his medical practice, dedicating his life to improving the health and safety of the people in his community.

Invention of the Gas Mask

With the outbreak of World War I, Macpherson was appointed as a medical officer with the Royal Newfoundland Regiment. During his service, he witnessed the devastating effects of chlorine gas attacks on soldiers. Motivated by the urgent need to protect troops from chemical warfare, Macpherson developed the first gas mask in 1915. His invention was a simple yet effective device that consisted of a fabric mask treated with chemical solutions to neutralize the effects of chlorine gas. Macpherson's gas mask was quickly adopted by the British and Allied forces, saving countless lives on the battlefields of World War I.

Later Life and Legacy

After the war, Cluny Macpherson continued his medical practice in Newfoundland. He remained an active member of the medical community, contributing to various medical advancements and public health initiatives until his retirement. Macpherson's legacy is not only marked by his invention of the gas mask but also by his lifelong dedication to the health and well-being of his fellow Newfoundlanders.

Macpherson passed away on November 16, 1966, leaving behind a legacy of innovation and service that continues to be celebrated in Newfoundland and beyond. His contributions to medicine and his role in World War I have made him a notable figure in the history of medical inventions.

See Also

• History of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Medical inventions
• World War I technology