Computer-assisted surgery

Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) represents a surgical concept and set of methods, that use computer technology for surgical planning, and for guiding or performing surgical interventions. CAS is also known as computer-aided surgery, computer-assisted intervention, image-guided surgery and surgical navigation, but those terms are more or less synonymous.

History

The concept of CAS was first introduced in the 1980s, and it has been developed and expanded in the decades since. The first CAS procedures were neurosurgical and orthopedic procedures, but the technology has since been applied to many other disciplines, including ENT, cardiac surgery, gastroenterology, urology, and gynecology.

Types of Computer-Assisted Surgery

There are two main types of CAS: passive and active.

Passive CAS

In passive CAS, the surgeon performs the operation and the computer provides guidance. The computer does not actively participate in the surgery, but provides visualisation and data interpretation.

Active CAS

In active CAS, the computer or robot actively performs part or all of the surgery under the surgeon's supervision. This can include tasks such as cutting, drilling, suturing, and tissue manipulation.

Benefits of Computer-Assisted Surgery

CAS offers several potential benefits, including increased precision, improved surgical outcomes, and reduced invasiveness. It can also provide better visualization of the surgical field, particularly in minimally invasive procedures.

Limitations and Risks

Despite its benefits, CAS also has limitations and potential risks. These include the high cost of equipment, the need for specialized training, and the risk of technical failures. There is also the potential for increased operative time, particularly in the early learning curve.

Future of Computer-Assisted Surgery

The future of CAS is likely to involve further integration of imaging technologies, increased use of robotics, and the development of new algorithms for surgical planning and guidance.

Computer-assisted surgery Resources
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