Conversion therapy

Conversion therapy is a set of practices aimed at changing an individual's sexual orientation from homosexual or bisexual to heterosexual. These practices have been widely discredited by major medical and psychological organizations, including the American Psychological Association and the World Health Organization.

History

The practice of conversion therapy dates back to the early 20th century, when homosexuality was considered a mental illness by the medical community. Early methods included psychoanalysis, hypnosis, and aversion therapy. In the 1970s, religious organizations began promoting conversion therapy as a way to "cure" homosexuality.

Methods

Methods used in conversion therapy can vary widely, but often include behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychoanalytic therapy. Some practitioners also use prayer or religious counseling. These methods are based on the belief that homosexuality is a learned behavior that can be unlearned.

Criticism and controversy

Conversion therapy has been widely criticized by medical and psychological professionals, as well as LGBTQ advocacy groups. Critics argue that the practice is unethical, ineffective, and can cause harm to individuals, including increased risk of depression and suicide. Many countries and U.S. states have passed laws banning conversion therapy for minors.

Legal status

The legal status of conversion therapy varies by country and region. It is banned in many countries, including Canada, Australia, and parts of the United States and Europe. In some places, practicing conversion therapy can result in fines, loss of professional licenses, or even imprisonment.

See also

• Homosexuality and psychology
• LGBT rights by country or territory
• Sexual orientation change efforts