Coprinopsis atramentaria

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Coprinopsis atramentaria, commonly known as the common ink cap or inky cap mushroom, is a species of fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. This mushroom is notable for its unique deliquescing process, where the cap dissolves into a black, ink-like liquid after spore dispersal. It is found across Europe, North America, and parts of Asia, thriving in grassy areas such as lawns, meadows, and roadside verges, often near deciduous trees.

Description

Coprinopsis atramentaria features a cap that ranges from 3 to 10 cm in diameter, initially egg-shaped but flattening with age. The cap's surface is smooth, grey-brown, and covered in fine white veil remnants when young. The gills are crowded, white at first, but soon turn black and deliquesce. The stipe (stem) is white, tall, and bears a loose ring. This species is distinguished from similar ink caps by its size, habitat, and the presence of a ring on the stipe.

Habitat and Distribution

Coprinopsis atramentaria is saprobic, feeding on dead organic matter. It commonly appears in groups or clusters in urban and suburban areas, particularly on wood chips, disturbed soils, and around stumps of broadleaf trees. Its distribution is widespread, encompassing temperate regions of the globe.

Edibility and Toxicity

While Coprinopsis atramentaria is technically edible, it contains a compound called coprine, which can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when consumed with alcohol. This reaction may include facial flushing, nausea, vomiting, malaise, and palpitations. Due to this, it is advised to avoid alcohol for several days before and after consuming this mushroom.

Cultural and Historical Uses

Historically, the inky cap's deliquescing gills were used as ink, hence the common name. However, this practice is more of historical interest rather than a practical source of ink in modern times.

Conservation

Currently, Coprinopsis atramentaria does not face any significant conservation threats. Its ability to thrive in disturbed habitats has allowed it to adapt to urban expansion and deforestation.

See Also

• Mushroom hunting
• Mushroom poisoning
• Saprotrophic nutrition