Costovertebral joint
The costovertebral joint is a complex anatomical structure that plays a crucial role in the mobility and stability of the thoracic cage. It is the articulation between the ribs and the vertebrae of the spine. This joint is essential for the respiratory movements and provides structural support to the thoracic region.
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The costovertebral joint consists of two main components:
Costocorporeal Joint[edit | edit source]
The costocorporeal joint, also known as the joint of the head of the rib, is formed between the head of the rib and the bodies of two adjacent thoracic vertebrae and the intervertebral disc between them. Each rib articulates with the superior costal facet of the corresponding vertebra and the inferior costal facet of the vertebra above.
Ligaments[edit | edit source]
The costocorporeal joint is stabilized by several ligaments:
- Radiate ligament of head of rib: This ligament fans out from the head of the rib to the bodies of the two adjacent vertebrae and the intervertebral disc.
- Intra-articular ligament: This ligament is present in the joint cavity and attaches the crest of the head of the rib to the intervertebral disc.
Costotransverse Joint[edit | edit source]
The costotransverse joint is the articulation between the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process of the corresponding vertebra. This joint is a synovial plane joint that allows for slight gliding movements.
Ligaments[edit | edit source]
The costotransverse joint is supported by several ligaments:
- Costotransverse ligament: This ligament connects the neck of the rib to the transverse process of the vertebra.
- Lateral costotransverse ligament: This ligament extends from the tubercle of the rib to the tip of the transverse process.
- Superior costotransverse ligament: This ligament runs from the neck of the rib to the transverse process of the vertebra above.
Function[edit | edit source]
The costovertebral joints allow for the elevation and depression of the ribs during respiration. This movement increases the anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of the thoracic cavity, facilitating the process of breathing. The joints also contribute to the stability of the thoracic spine and help protect the vital organs within the thoracic cavity.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Disorders of the costovertebral joints can lead to pain and restricted movement in the thoracic region. Conditions such as costovertebral joint dysfunction or arthritis can affect these joints, leading to symptoms that may mimic other thoracic or abdominal conditions. Proper diagnosis and management are essential for alleviating symptoms and restoring function.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
