Cylindrocarpon heteronemum

Cylindrocarpon heteronemum is a species of fungus belonging to the family Nectriaceae. It is known for its role in plant diseases, particularly in the roots of various crop species.

Taxonomy

The species was first described in 1916 by mycologist Fred Jay Seaver. The genus Cylindrocarpon is characterized by its cylindrical conidia, and the species name heteronemum refers to the variable nature of the fungus's hyphae.

Description

Cylindrocarpon heteronemum is a filamentous fungus, producing long, thread-like hyphae. The conidia are cylindrical in shape, and are typically produced in large numbers. The fungus is saprophytic, meaning it derives its nutrients from decaying organic matter.

Distribution and habitat

Cylindrocarpon heteronemum is widely distributed, and has been reported in various parts of the world, including North America, Europe, and Asia. It is typically found in soil, and is particularly common in agricultural settings.

Role in plant disease

Cylindrocarpon heteronemum is a known pathogen of several plant species. It is particularly problematic in agriculture, where it can cause root rot in crops such as wheat, barley, and potato. The fungus infects the roots of the plant, causing them to rot and ultimately leading to the death of the plant.

Management and control

Control of Cylindrocarpon heteronemum typically involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical treatments. Crop rotation and the use of resistant varieties can help to reduce the incidence of disease. Fungicides can also be used to control the fungus, although resistance to these chemicals has been reported.

See also

• List of Cylindrocarpon species
• Plant pathology