Bornholm disease

Bornholm Disease is an infectious illness also known as epidemic pleurodynia or Devil's grip. It is a rare disease caused by the Coxsackie B virus or other enteroviruses. The disease is named after the Danish island of Bornholm where an outbreak was one of the first to be studied.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Bornholm disease include severe pain in the lower chest, often on one side. The pain is typically sharp and may be exacerbated by movement or breathing. Other symptoms can include fever, headache, and muscle aches. In some cases, patients may also experience abdominal pain and vomiting.

Transmission

Bornholm disease is primarily transmitted through fecal-oral route, but can also be spread through respiratory droplets. The disease is highly contagious and can easily spread in crowded conditions, such as schools or military barracks.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Bornholm disease is typically based on the characteristic symptoms and a history of exposure to the virus. Laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis, but are not always necessary.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for Bornholm disease. Management of the disease focuses on relieving symptoms, particularly the chest pain. Pain relievers, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can be used to manage the pain. Rest and hydration are also important.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Bornholm disease is generally good. Most people recover fully within a week, although the chest pain can persist for longer in some cases. Complications are rare, but can include pleurisy, myocarditis, and pericarditis.

Prevention

Prevention of Bornholm disease involves good hygiene practices, such as regular hand washing, especially after using the toilet and before eating. Vaccination is not currently available for the disease.