Dipsacus fullonum

Dipsacus fullonum1

Teasel Ottawa

Teasel leaf low

Wilde Karde (Wiener Dioskurides)

Dipsacus fullonum, commonly known as wild teasel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, but has been introduced to other regions, including North America and Australia, where it is often considered an invasive species.

Description

Dipsacus fullonum is a biennial plant that can grow up to 2.5 meters tall. In its first year, it forms a basal rosette of leaves. In the second year, it produces a tall, spiny stem with opposite leaves that are fused at the base, forming a cup that can hold water. The flowers are small, purple or lavender, and densely packed in a cylindrical inflorescence that can be up to 10 cm long. The flowering period is from July to September.

Habitat

Dipsacus fullonum typically grows in disturbed areas such as roadsides, fields, and waste places. It prefers full sun and well-drained soils but can tolerate a range of soil types.

Ecology

The plant is known for its ability to attract a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies. The water collected in the leaf cups can also provide a habitat for small aquatic organisms. However, in regions where it is invasive, Dipsacus fullonum can outcompete native vegetation and disrupt local ecosystems.

Uses

Historically, the dried flower heads of Dipsacus fullonum were used in the textile industry to raise the nap on fabrics, a process known as fulling. This use has largely been replaced by mechanical methods.

Control and Management

In areas where Dipsacus fullonum is considered invasive, control methods include mechanical removal, mowing, and the use of herbicides. It is important to manage the plant before it sets seed to prevent further spread.

Related Species

• Dipsacus sativus - Cultivated teasel
• Dipsacus laciniatus - Cut-leaved teasel

Related Pages

• Invasive species
• Pollination
• Biennial plant
• Caprifoliaceae