Duplornaviricota
Duplornaviricota is a phylum of double-stranded RNA viruses that are characterized by their unique replication mechanisms and structural features. This phylum includes several families of viruses that infect a wide range of hosts, including animals, plants, and fungi.
Taxonomy[edit | edit source]
The phylum Duplornaviricota is part of the realm Riboviria, which encompasses all RNA viruses. Within Duplornaviricota, there are several orders, including Reovirales and Ghabrivirales. These orders are further divided into families, such as Reoviridae and Partitiviridae.
Orders and Families[edit | edit source]
Reovirales
Ghabrivirales
Structure[edit | edit source]
Duplornaviricota viruses are known for their icosahedral capsid structure, which is typically composed of multiple protein layers. The outer capsid protects the viral genome and aids in the infection process by interacting with host cell receptors. The genome of these viruses is segmented, which allows for genetic reassortment and contributes to their diversity.
Replication Cycle[edit | edit source]
The replication cycle of Duplornaviricota viruses begins with the attachment of the virus to the host cell surface, followed by entry into the cell. Once inside, the viral genome is released into the cytoplasm, where it is transcribed and replicated. The newly synthesized RNA segments are then packaged into new viral particles, which are assembled and released from the host cell to infect new cells.
Pathogenesis[edit | edit source]
Duplornaviricota viruses can cause a variety of diseases in their hosts. In humans, members of the Reoviridae family, such as rotavirus, are known to cause gastroenteritis, particularly in young children. In plants, these viruses can lead to significant agricultural losses by affecting crop yield and quality.
Evolution[edit | edit source]
The segmented nature of the Duplornaviricota genome allows for genetic reassortment, which is a major driver of viral evolution. This process can lead to the emergence of new viral strains with altered pathogenicity and host range. The study of Duplornaviricota evolution provides insights into viral adaptation and the mechanisms of host-virus interactions.
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