Dussehra

Dussehra

Dussehra, also known as Vijayadashami, is a major Hindu festival celebrated at the end of Navaratri every year. It is observed on the tenth day in the Hindu calendar month of Ashvin, which typically falls in September or October. The festival marks the victory of good over evil, symbolized by the triumph of Lord Rama over the demon king Ravana, and the victory of Goddess Durga over the buffalo demon Mahishasura.

Etymology

The word Dussehra is derived from the Sanskrit words Dasha (ten) and Hara (defeat), referring to Lord Rama's victory over the ten-headed demon king Ravana. Vijayadashami is derived from Vijaya (victory) and Dashami (tenth), indicating the victory on the tenth day.

Significance

Dussehra signifies the triumph of good over evil. It is a celebration of the victory of Lord Rama, an avatar of Vishnu, over Ravana, who had abducted Rama's wife, Sita. The festival also commemorates the victory of Goddess Durga over Mahishasura, symbolizing the victory of divine forces over demonic forces.

Celebrations

Dussehra is celebrated with great enthusiasm across India and in various parts of the world where the Indian diaspora resides. The celebrations vary by region:

Northern India

In Northern India, particularly in states like Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, and Punjab, Dussehra is marked by the performance of Ramlila, a dramatic reenactment of the life of Lord Rama. The festivities culminate in the burning of effigies of Ravana, his brother Kumbhakarna, and son Meghnad, symbolizing the destruction of evil.

Southern India

In Southern India, Dussehra is celebrated as part of the ten-day festival of Navaratri. In Karnataka, the city of Mysore is famous for its grand Dussehra celebrations, which include a royal procession and cultural performances.

Eastern India

In West Bengal, Dussehra coincides with the last day of Durga Puja, a major festival celebrating the goddess Durga. The day is marked by the immersion of Durga idols in rivers and lakes, accompanied by music and dance.

Western India

In Gujarat, Dussehra is celebrated with the traditional dance form of Garba and Dandiya Raas. In Maharashtra, people exchange leaves of the Apta tree as a symbol of gold and prosperity.

Rituals and Traditions

Dussehra involves various rituals and traditions, including:

• Ramlila performances and the burning of Ravana effigies.
• Worship of weapons and tools, known as Ayudha Puja in some regions.
• Exchange of sweets and gifts among family and friends.
• Processions and fairs, particularly in rural areas.

Cultural Impact

Dussehra has a significant cultural impact, inspiring various forms of art, literature, and performance. It is a time for community gatherings and cultural expression, fostering a sense of unity and shared heritage.

See Also

• Navaratri
• Diwali
• Rama
• Ravana

References

• "Dussehra: The Festival of Victory." Hinduism Today.
• "The Significance of Dussehra." Cultural India.