Dysphonia, chronic spasmodic
Chronic Spasmodic Dysphonia
Chronic Spasmodic Dysphonia (CSD) is a neurological disorder affecting the voice muscles in the larynx, or voice box. It is characterized by involuntary spasms that cause interruptions in speech and affect the voice quality. This condition is a type of dystonia, which is a movement disorder that causes muscles to contract uncontrollably.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The primary symptom of chronic spasmodic dysphonia is a strained or strangled voice. Patients may experience:
- Voice breaks: Sudden interruptions in the voice.
- Tremor: A shaky or quivering voice.
- Hoarseness: A rough or harsh voice quality.
- Breathiness: A voice that sounds weak or airy.
These symptoms can vary in severity and may worsen with stress or fatigue.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The exact cause of chronic spasmodic dysphonia is unknown, but it is believed to involve abnormal functioning in the basal ganglia, a part of the brain that helps control movement. Genetic factors may play a role, as well as environmental triggers such as upper respiratory infections or emotional stress.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosing chronic spasmodic dysphonia involves a thorough evaluation by a team of specialists, including an otolaryngologist and a speech-language pathologist. The diagnostic process may include:
- Laryngoscopy: A procedure to visually examine the larynx.
- Voice assessment: Analyzing the voice quality and patterns of speech.
- Neurological examination: To rule out other neurological conditions.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
While there is no cure for chronic spasmodic dysphonia, several treatment options can help manage the symptoms:
- Botulinum toxin injections: Often considered the most effective treatment, these injections temporarily weaken the muscles causing the spasms.
- Voice therapy: Techniques to improve voice control and reduce strain.
- Surgical interventions: In some cases, surgery may be considered to alter the nerve supply to the vocal cords.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with chronic spasmodic dysphonia varies. While the condition is chronic and can significantly impact quality of life, many patients find relief through treatment and can manage their symptoms effectively.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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