Dysthymic disorder
Dysthymic Disorder (also known as Persistent Depressive Disorder) is a chronic form of depression characterized by a depressed mood that occurs for most of the day, for more days than not, for at least two years.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The primary symptom of dysthymic disorder is a daily depressed mood for at least two years, but these symptoms are not as severe or as pervasive as in major depressive disorder. Other symptoms may include poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, low self-esteem, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, and feelings of hopelessness.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The exact cause of dysthymic disorder is unknown. However, a variety of factors are likely involved. These may include biological differences, brain chemistry, inherited traits, and life events such as stress or trauma.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of dysthymic disorder is typically made by a mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, based on the patient's self-reported experiences, behavior, and a mental status examination. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, provides criteria for the diagnosis of dysthymic disorder.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for dysthymic disorder typically involves psychotherapy (talk therapy), medications, or a combination of the two. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that is particularly effective for treating dysthymic disorder. Antidepressant medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), can also be effective.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
With appropriate treatment, most people with dysthymic disorder can lead healthy, productive lives. However, some people may experience symptoms that wax and wane over many years, and full remission is uncommon.
See also[edit | edit source]
- Depression (mood)
- Major depressive disorder
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
- Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
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Usage[edit source]The Template:They is used in place of gender-specific pronouns when the gender of the person referred to is unknown, irrelevant, or when the person prefers they/them pronouns. It is also used when referring to a generic or hypothetical person whose gender is not specified. To use the template, editors simply include Template loop detected: Template:They in the text where they would normally use a pronoun. The template then renders as "they" in the published article. Background[edit source]The use of "they" as a singular pronoun has a long history in the English language. However, its use has become more prominent and politically significant in recent years due to growing awareness and acceptance of non-binary and genderqueer identities. The Template:They is part of a suite of templates designed to promote gender-neutral language on Wikipedia. Other related templates include Template:Them and Template:Their, which render as "them" and "their" respectively. Controversy[edit source]While the use of Template:They is generally accepted within the Wikipedia community, it has been the subject of some controversy. Critics argue that the use of "they" as a singular pronoun can be grammatically confusing or incorrect. However, proponents argue that it is a necessary and respectful way to acknowledge non-binary and genderqueer individuals. See also[edit source]
experiences issues;
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