Elaichi

Elaichi, also known as cardamom, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. The seeds are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds.

Types of Elaichi

There are two main types of elaichi:

• Green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum): Also known as true cardamom, it is the most common variety and is used in both sweet and savory dishes.
• Black cardamom (Amomum subulatum): Known for its larger pods and smoky flavor, it is typically used in savory dishes.

Culinary Uses

Elaichi is a versatile spice used in various cuisines around the world. In Indian cuisine, it is a key ingredient in dishes such as biryani, masala chai, and various sweets like gulab jamun and kheer. In Middle Eastern cuisine, it is often used in coffee and baklava. In Scandinavian cuisine, it is used in baking, particularly in Swedish and Finnish pastries.

Medicinal Uses

Elaichi has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. It is believed to have various health benefits, including:

• Aiding digestion
• Relieving respiratory issues
• Acting as a natural breath freshener
• Possessing anti-inflammatory properties

Cultivation

Elaichi is primarily grown in tropical regions. The major producers include India, Guatemala, and Sri Lanka. The plants require a warm, humid climate and are typically grown in shaded areas to protect them from direct sunlight.

Related Pages

• Spice
• Indian cuisine
• Traditional medicine
• Zingiberaceae