Elastic fibrocartilage

Elastic fibrocartilage is a type of cartilage that is characterized by its high elasticity and flexibility. It is primarily found in areas of the body that require both strength and flexibility, such as the ear and the epiglottis.

Structure

Elastic fibrocartilage is composed of a dense network of collagen and elastin fibers. These fibers are embedded in a gel-like substance known as the extracellular matrix. The collagen fibers provide strength and rigidity to the tissue, while the elastin fibers allow for flexibility and elasticity.

Function

The primary function of elastic fibrocartilage is to provide support and flexibility to certain structures in the body. In the ear, for example, it helps to maintain the shape of the ear while also allowing it to flex and bend. In the epiglottis, it helps to keep the airway open during breathing and to close it during swallowing to prevent food and liquid from entering the lungs.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities or damage to the elastic fibrocartilage can lead to a variety of medical conditions. For example, osteoarthritis can occur when the cartilage in the joints wears down over time, leading to pain and stiffness. In the ear, damage to the elastic fibrocartilage can lead to conditions such as cauliflower ear, which is common in wrestlers and other athletes who experience repeated trauma to the ear.

See also

• Cartilage
• Collagen
• Elastin
• Extracellular matrix
• Osteoarthritis
• Cauliflower ear

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