Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia

Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a precancerous condition of the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. It is characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial cells, which may eventually develop into endometrial cancer if left untreated.

Etiology[edit | edit source]

The exact cause of EIN is unknown, but it is believed to be associated with hormonal imbalances, particularly an excess of estrogen without the balancing effect of progesterone. Other risk factors include obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), diabetes, and menopause.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

EIN is typically diagnosed through an endometrial biopsy, in which a small sample of endometrial tissue is removed and examined under a microscope. Other diagnostic methods may include transvaginal ultrasound and hysteroscopy.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for EIN typically involves hormonal therapy to correct the underlying hormonal imbalance. In severe cases, or when hormonal therapy is ineffective, hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus) may be recommended.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

With early detection and appropriate treatment, the prognosis for EIN is generally good. However, if left untreated, EIN can progress to endometrial cancer, which can be life-threatening.