Eructation

Eructation (also known as belching, burping or ructus) is the release of gas from the digestive tract (mainly esophagus and stomach) through the mouth. It is usually accompanied by a typical sound and, at times, an odor.

Causes

Eructation is typically caused by swallowing air when eating or drinking and subsequently expelling it, so in this context it can be considered normal. However, excessive eructation can be a symptom of a gastrointestinal disorder, such as peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, or gastritis.

Symptoms

The main symptom of eructation is the expulsion of gas from the esophagus or stomach out through the mouth. This is often accompanied by a sound and sometimes by an odor. If eructation is excessive or persistent, it may be accompanied by other symptoms such as heartburn, abdominal pain, or nausea.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of eructation is typically based on the patient's history and physical examination. If excessive or persistent eructation is present, further tests may be needed to determine the underlying cause. These tests may include an endoscopy, barium swallow, or esophageal manometry.

Treatment

Treatment for eructation depends on the underlying cause. If eructation is due to swallowing air, behavioral modifications may be recommended, such as eating and drinking slowly, avoiding carbonated drinks, and not chewing gum. If eructation is due to a gastrointestinal disorder, treatment of the disorder is necessary.

See also

• Gastroenterology
• Digestive system
• Gastrointestinal tract

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