Etryptamine

Etryptamine (IUPAC name: N,N-dimethyl-1H-indole-3-ethanamine), also known by its chemical name alpha-ethyltryptamine (αET), is a psychedelic, stimulant, and entactogen drug of the tryptamine class. It was originally developed by Upjohn in the 1960s as an antidepressant. Etryptamine acts primarily as a serotonin releasing agent (SRA) with secondary actions as a serotonin receptor agonist. It has been found to produce psychoactive effects similar to those of other classical psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin, though with a significantly shorter duration of action.

History

Etryptamine was first synthesized in the early 1960s and explored as a potential antidepressant by the pharmaceutical company Upjohn. Despite initial interest, its development for medical use was discontinued due to the emergence of adverse effects and the potential for abuse. In the 1990s, etryptamine gained popularity as a designer drug on the illicit market, where it was sold under various street names such as "ET," "trip," and "alpha-ethyl." Its recreational use led to several reports of toxic effects and fatalities, prompting regulatory authorities in various countries to classify etryptamine as a controlled substance.

Pharmacology

Etryptamine functions primarily as a serotonin releasing agent, increasing levels of serotonin in the brain. This action is responsible for its antidepressant and entactogenic effects. Additionally, etryptamine acts as an agonist at several serotonin receptors, which contributes to its psychedelic properties. The compound also exhibits moderate affinity for dopamine and norepinephrine receptors, which may explain its stimulant effects.

Effects

The effects of etryptamine are diverse and can vary significantly among individuals. Commonly reported effects include euphoria, enhanced sensory perception, increased empathy and sociability, mild visual hallucinations, and altered states of consciousness. The duration of effects is relatively short, typically lasting between 4 to 6 hours when ingested.

Toxicity and Harm Potential

Etryptamine has been associated with several adverse effects, including hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, and agitation. There have been reports of more severe outcomes, such as seizures, psychotic episodes, and deaths, particularly when taken in high doses or in combination with other substances. The risk of harm is increased by its potential for abuse and the lack of reliable information on safe dosages.

Legal Status

The legal status of etryptamine varies by country, but it has been classified as a controlled substance in many parts of the world, including the United States, Canada, and several European countries. This classification makes the manufacture, distribution, and possession of etryptamine illegal without a license.

See Also

• Tryptamine
• Psychedelic drug
• Designer drug
• Serotonin releasing agent