Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a medical condition where the production of blood cells takes place outside the bone marrow. This usually occurs when the bone marrow is not able to produce enough blood cells.

Causes

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is often caused by diseases that affect the bone marrow's ability to produce blood cells. These can include anemia, leukemia, myelofibrosis, and thalassemia. In some cases, it can also be caused by certain infections or cancers.

Symptoms

The symptoms of extramedullary hematopoiesis can vary depending on the location of the blood cell production. Common symptoms can include fatigue, shortness of breath, and pale skin. If the blood cell production is occurring in the spleen or liver, it can lead to enlargement of these organs.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of extramedullary hematopoiesis is usually made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. These tests can include blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging studies such as CT scan or MRI.

Treatment

Treatment for extramedullary hematopoiesis is usually aimed at treating the underlying cause of the condition. This can include treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or bone marrow transplant for conditions like leukemia or myelofibrosis. In some cases, surgical removal of the spleen or liver may be necessary.

See also

• Bone marrow
• Hematopoiesis
• Anemia
• Leukemia
• Myelofibrosis
• Thalassemia

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  Nucleated red blood cells - endometrial polyp - high magnification