Federal government
Federal government is the national government of a federation, a form of government where the states share power with the central government. In a federal system, the states or provinces share sovereignty with the central government, and each level of government has its own set of functions.
The United States is an example of a federation where the federal government has certain powers, such as regulating interstate and international commerce, declaring war, and setting monetary policy. The states retain other powers, such as providing for public health and safety, education, and local government.
The Constitution of the United States establishes the federal government and defines its powers. It consists of three branches: the Executive branch, headed by the President of the United States; the Legislative branch, consisting of the United States Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate; and the Judicial branch, headed by the Supreme Court of the United States.
The federal government has the power to make and enforce laws that are necessary and proper for carrying out its duties. These laws must be in accordance with the Constitution, and they are subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court.
The federal government also has the power to levy and collect taxes, to borrow money, to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states, to declare war, and to raise and maintain the armed forces.
The relationship between the federal government and the states is defined by the principle of federalism, which is enshrined in the Constitution. Federalism allows for a division of power and responsibilities between the federal government and the states, and it provides a system of checks and balances that prevents any one level of government from becoming too powerful.
The federal government plays a crucial role in the functioning of the United States, and its powers and responsibilities are continually evolving in response to the needs of the nation and its citizens.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
