Fisher syndrome

Fisher Syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by a classic triad of symptoms: ataxia, areflexia, and ophthalmoplegia. It is considered a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome, a disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. Fisher Syndrome is named after Dr. C. Miller Fisher, who first described the condition in 1956.

Etiology

The exact cause of Fisher Syndrome is unknown. However, it is often preceded by an infection, suggesting an autoimmune response. The most common infections associated with Fisher Syndrome are Campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus.

Symptoms

The classic triad of symptoms in Fisher Syndrome includes:

• Ataxia: This is a lack of muscle control during voluntary movements, such as walking or picking up objects.
• Areflexia: This refers to a condition in which the muscles do not respond to stimuli as they should.
• Ophthalmoplegia: This is a paralysis or weakness of the muscles in or around the eyes.

Other symptoms may include weakness in the limbs, difficulty swallowing, and changes in sensation or pain.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Fisher Syndrome is primarily based on clinical symptoms. Additional tests may include a lumbar puncture to examine the cerebrospinal fluid, and electromyography to measure the electrical activity of muscles.

Treatment

There is no cure for Fisher Syndrome, but treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce the duration of the illness. Treatments may include plasmapheresis, a procedure that removes and replaces the plasma in the blood, or intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, which involves infusing antibodies into the bloodstream.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Fisher Syndrome is generally good, with most individuals experiencing a complete recovery within six months. However, some may experience residual symptoms or relapses.

See also

• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Autoimmune diseases
• Neurological disorders

Fisher syndrome Resources
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