Gracilaria parvispora

Graafian Follicles

A Graafian follicle or mature follicle is a fluid-filled cavity in the ovary, containing a maturing ovum or egg. Named after the Dutch anatomist Regnier de Graaf, Graafian follicles are the final stage of follicular development in the menstrual cycle, and their growth and maturation are regulated by hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Structure

The Graafian follicle is a spherical structure located in the cortex of the ovary. It is surrounded by multiple layers of granulosa cells, which provide nutrients to the developing ovum. The follicle also contains a fluid-filled cavity, the antrum, which expands as the follicle matures.

Function

The primary function of the Graafian follicle is to nurture and release a mature ovum during ovulation. The follicle grows in response to FSH, and when it reaches a certain size, a surge of LH triggers ovulation, releasing the ovum into the fallopian tube for potential fertilization.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in Graafian follicle development can lead to various reproductive disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), anovulation, and infertility. In assisted reproductive technology (ART), drugs are often used to stimulate the growth of multiple Graafian follicles to increase the chances of successful fertilization and pregnancy.

See Also

• Ovarian follicle
• Ovulation
• Menstrual cycle
• Follicle-stimulating hormone
• Luteinizing hormone

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