Graafian follicle

Graafian follicle

The Graafian follicle or tertiary follicle is a fluid-filled structure in the ovary that contains a maturing oocyte (egg). Named after the Dutch anatomist Regnier de Graaf, the Graafian follicle is the final stage of follicular development before ovulation, the release of the egg.

Structure

The Graafian follicle is a large, fluid-filled follicle that can reach over 20mm in diameter. It contains a single oocyte surrounded by multiple layers of granulosa cells. The fluid within the follicle, known as follicular fluid, contains high concentrations of estrogens, which are critical for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics.

Development

The development of the Graafian follicle is a complex process that involves the growth and differentiation of the oocyte and the surrounding granulosa cells. This process is regulated by a variety of hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Function

The primary function of the Graafian follicle is to support the maturation of the oocyte and prepare it for ovulation. The follicle also produces estrogens, which play a key role in the regulation of the menstrual cycle.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in Graafian follicle development can lead to a variety of reproductive disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and infertility. In addition, the measurement of follicle size can be used in the assessment of ovarian reserve and the prediction of ovulation in women undergoing fertility treatment.

See also

• Ovarian follicle
• Ovulation
• Menstrual cycle
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Infertility

References

Graafian follicle Resources
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