HPMPA

HPMPA

HPMPA (9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine) is a potent antiviral drug that acts as an adenosine analogue.

Chemistry

HPMPA is a synthetic analogue of adenosine in which the ribose sugar is replaced by a (S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl] group. The compound is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.

Mechanism of Action

HPMPA inhibits the replication of various DNA viruses and RNA viruses by interfering with the synthesis of viral DNA. It is converted in the body to the active metabolite, HPMPApp, which is a potent inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. The drug is particularly effective against herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, HPMPA is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is widely distributed in body tissues. The drug is metabolized in the liver to HPMPApp, which is excreted in the urine.

Clinical Use

HPMPA has been used in the treatment of infections caused by herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. It has also shown promise in the treatment of infections caused by other DNA and RNA viruses, including cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and hepatitis B virus.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of HPMPA are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Less common side effects include headache, dizziness, and rash.

See Also

• Antiviral drug
• Adenosine
• DNA polymerase
• RNA polymerase
• Herpes simplex virus
• Varicella-zoster virus
• Cytomegalovirus
• Epstein-Barr virus
• Hepatitis B virus

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