HSIL

HSIL or High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion is a term used in medicine to describe a certain type of abnormal growth, specifically of squamous cells on the surface of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. HSIL is not cancer, but it can lead to cancer if not treated.

Causes

HSIL is usually caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection. There are many types of HPV, but types 16 and 18 are the most likely to cause HSIL and cervical cancer.

Symptoms

Most women with HSIL do not have any symptoms. The abnormal cells are usually found during a routine Pap test.

Diagnosis

If a Pap test shows abnormal cells, a colposcopy may be done. During this test, a special magnifying instrument is used to view the cervix. A biopsy may also be done during a colposcopy. In a biopsy, a small amount of tissue is taken from the cervix and examined under a microscope.

Treatment

Treatment for HSIL may include:

• Cryotherapy: Freezing the abnormal cells
• Laser therapy: Using light to burn away abnormal cells
• LEEP: Using electricity to remove abnormal tissues
• Cone biopsy: Surgery to remove the abnormal cells

Prevention

The HPV vaccine can protect against the types of HPV that most often cause HSIL and cervical cancer. Regular Pap tests can also help catch HSIL early, before it turns into cancer.

See also

• Cervical cancer
• Human papillomavirus
• Pap test
• Colposcopy
• Biopsy

HSIL Resources
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