Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate

Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) is a crystalloid solution used in the preservation of organs for transplantation. It was developed in the 1980s by Bretschneider and colleagues in Germany. HTK solution is primarily used in Europe, although its use has been expanding worldwide.

Composition

HTK solution is composed of histidine, tryptophan, ketoglutarate, mannitol, and magnesium chloride. The histidine acts as a buffer to maintain the pH of the solution, while tryptophan stabilizes the cell membrane, and ketoglutarate is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle. Mannitol is a diuretic that helps to reduce cellular edema, and magnesium chloride helps to stabilize the cell membrane.

Use in Organ Preservation

HTK solution is used in the preservation of various organs for transplantation, including the heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas. It is used to flush the organ prior to removal from the donor, and then the organ is stored in the solution until it is ready for transplantation.

Advantages and Disadvantages

The advantages of HTK solution include its long shelf life, low cost, and ease of use. It also has a low viscosity, which allows it to easily penetrate the organ's vascular system. However, some studies have suggested that HTK solution may be associated with a higher rate of graft dysfunction compared to other preservation solutions.

See Also

• Organ transplantation
• Organ preservation
• Graft (surgery)