Ilatreotide

Ilatreotide is a synthetic somatostatin analogue used in the treatment of certain medical conditions, particularly those involving excessive hormone secretion. It is primarily used in the management of acromegaly, a disorder characterized by excessive growth hormone production, and certain types of neuroendocrine tumors.

Mechanism of Action

Ilatreotide functions by mimicking the action of the natural hormone somatostatin. Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that inhibits the release of several other hormones, including growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon. By binding to somatostatin receptors, ilatreotide reduces the secretion of these hormones, thereby alleviating symptoms associated with their overproduction.

Clinical Uses

Ilatreotide is indicated for:

• The treatment of acromegaly in patients who have not responded adequately to surgery or radiation therapy.
• The management of symptoms associated with neuroendocrine tumors, such as carcinoid syndrome.

Pharmacokinetics

Ilatreotide is administered via subcutaneous injection. It has a relatively long half-life, allowing for less frequent dosing compared to natural somatostatin. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys.

Side Effects

Common side effects of ilatreotide include:

• Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
• Injection site reactions.
• Gallstone formation due to reduced gallbladder motility.

Contraindications

Ilatreotide should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to somatostatin analogues. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes mellitus due to potential alterations in blood glucose levels.

Research and Development

Ongoing research is exploring the use of ilatreotide in other conditions characterized by hormone overproduction, as well as its potential role in cancer therapy.

Also see

• Somatostatin
• Acromegaly
• Neuroendocrine tumor
• Carcinoid syndrome