Interleukin 1 receptor, type I

Interleukin 1 receptor, type I (IL1R1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1R1 gene. It is a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family. This receptor specifically binds to interleukin 1 and is involved in mediating the response to this cytokine.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The IL1R1 is a type I transmembrane protein that possesses an extracellular domain containing three immunoglobulin-like domains. The extracellular region of IL1R1 is associated with the interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), which is necessary for IL1R1 to bind interleukin 1 with high affinity.

Function[edit | edit source]

IL1R1 is expressed on many cell types including B lymphocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils. In response to interleukin 1 exposure, IL1R1 initiates signaling cascades that result in the activation of NF-κB, a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in inflammation and immune response.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Alterations in the function of IL1R1 have been associated with various diseases. For example, increased expression of IL1R1 has been observed in rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory conditions. Additionally, mutations in the IL1R1 gene have been linked to increased susceptibility to certain infections.