Internal nasal branches of infraorbital nerve

The internal nasal branches of the infraorbital nerve are small nerve branches that provide sensory innervation to the nasal cavity. These branches are part of the infraorbital nerve, which itself is a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V2), a division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V).

Anatomy

The infraorbital nerve exits the skull through the infraorbital foramen and travels within the infraorbital canal. As it progresses, it gives off several branches, including the internal nasal branches. These branches enter the nasal cavity through small foramina in the maxilla.

Course

The internal nasal branches arise from the infraorbital nerve as it traverses the infraorbital canal. They pass medially to enter the nasal cavity, where they supply the mucous membrane of the anterior part of the nasal septum and the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.

Innervation

The internal nasal branches provide sensory innervation to the anterior part of the nasal septum and the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. This includes the skin and mucous membranes, contributing to the sensation of the nasal cavity.

Function

The primary function of the internal nasal branches is to convey sensory information from the nasal cavity to the brain. This includes sensations such as touch, pain, and temperature, which are important for the protective reflexes of the nasal passages.

Clinical Significance

Damage or irritation to the infraorbital nerve or its branches, including the internal nasal branches, can lead to sensory disturbances in the areas they supply. This can occur due to trauma, surgical procedures, or pathological conditions affecting the maxillary nerve.

Also see

• Infraorbital nerve
• Maxillary nerve
• Trigeminal nerve
• Nasal cavity
• Sensory innervation of the face