Intralaminar thalamic nuclei

Thalmus

Intralaminar thalamic nuclei
Details
Part of	Thalamus
System	Central nervous system
Artery	Thalamogeniculate artery
Vein	Thalamostriate vein
Identifiers
Latin	nuclei intralaminares thalami
TA98
TH	{{#property:P1694}}
TE	{{#property:P1693}}
FMA	{{#property:P1402}}
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

The intralaminar thalamic nuclei are a collection of nuclei located within the thalamus, a part of the diencephalon in the brain. These nuclei are situated within the internal medullary lamina, a sheet of white matter that divides the thalamus into its various components. The intralaminar nuclei play a crucial role in the modulation of consciousness, arousal, and pain perception.

Anatomy

The intralaminar thalamic nuclei are divided into several distinct nuclei, including:

• Centromedian nucleus
• Parafascicular nucleus
• Central lateral nucleus
• Paracentral nucleus

These nuclei are interconnected with various regions of the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and other thalamic nuclei, facilitating their role in integrating and relaying information.

Function

The primary functions of the intralaminar thalamic nuclei include:

• Modulation of consciousness and arousal: These nuclei are involved in maintaining alertness and wakefulness by projecting to the cerebral cortex and reticular activating system.
• Pain perception: The intralaminar nuclei receive nociceptive (pain-related) information and are involved in the processing and perception of pain.
• Motor control: Through connections with the basal ganglia, these nuclei play a role in the regulation of motor functions.

Clinical Significance

Damage or dysfunction of the intralaminar thalamic nuclei can result in various neurological conditions, including:

• Thalamic pain syndrome: A condition characterized by chronic pain following a thalamic stroke.
• Coma: Lesions in these nuclei can lead to a loss of consciousness.
• Movement disorders: Disruption of the connections between the intralaminar nuclei and the basal ganglia can result in motor control issues.

Related Pages

• Thalamus
• Centromedian nucleus
• Parafascicular nucleus
• Central lateral nucleus
• Paracentral nucleus
• Diencephalon
• Consciousness
• Pain
• Basal ganglia