Intravenous pyelography

Intravenous pyelography (also known as IVP) is a type of X-ray examination that visualizes the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, and ureters. This procedure involves injecting a contrast material into a vein, which then travels through the bloodstream and into the kidneys. The contrast material is then excreted into the urine, making the urinary tract visible on X-ray images.

Procedure

The procedure begins with the patient lying on an X-ray table. A radiologist or a trained technologist will then inject the contrast material into a vein, usually in the arm. The patient may feel a warm sensation as the contrast material begins to circulate through the bloodstream.

Once the contrast material reaches the kidneys, X-ray images are taken at intervals to capture the contrast material as it travels through the urinary system. The patient may be asked to turn from side to side or to hold their breath during the imaging process to ensure clear images are obtained.

Uses

Intravenous pyelography is used to diagnose disorders of the urinary system. These may include kidney stones, tumors, or infections. It can also be used to assess the structure of the urinary tract in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections or before certain types of surgery.

Risks

While intravenous pyelography is generally safe, there are some risks associated with the procedure. These include allergic reactions to the contrast material, kidney damage in patients with poor kidney function, and radiation exposure. However, the benefits of accurate diagnosis often outweigh these risks.

Alternatives

Alternatives to intravenous pyelography include ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These imaging techniques may be used when IVP is not suitable, such as in patients with poor kidney function or allergies to contrast material.

See also

• Radiology
• Urinary system
• Kidney disease

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