Invasive hydatidiform mole

Invasive hydatidiform mole is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease that invades the muscle layer of the uterus. It is a type of molar pregnancy and is characterized by the presence of hydatidiform mole tissue that grows into the muscles of the uterus.

Causes

Invasive hydatidiform mole is caused by an abnormal fertilization process. Instead of a normal pregnancy developing, a mass of abnormal tissue (a mole) grows in the uterus. This mole can invade the muscle layer of the uterus, leading to an invasive hydatidiform mole.

Symptoms

Symptoms of invasive hydatidiform mole may include vaginal bleeding, anemia, hyperemesis gravidarum (severe nausea and vomiting), and preeclampsia (high blood pressure and protein in the urine).

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of invasive hydatidiform mole is usually made through a combination of ultrasound imaging and blood tests to measure levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy.

Treatment

Treatment for invasive hydatidiform mole typically involves surgery to remove the mole, followed by chemotherapy to kill any remaining abnormal cells.

Prognosis

With early detection and treatment, the prognosis for invasive hydatidiform mole is generally good. However, regular follow-up is necessary to monitor for potential complications, including the development of choriocarcinoma, a rare form of cancer.

See also

• Gestational trophoblastic disease
• Molar pregnancy
• Choriocarcinoma

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