Iproclozide

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Iproclozide is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that was used as an antidepressant in the treatment of depression. It belongs to the class of hydrazine derivatives.

Mechanism of Action

Iproclozide works by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). This enzyme is responsible for breaking down monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. By inhibiting MAO, iproclozide increases the levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression.

Clinical Use

Iproclozide was primarily used in the treatment of major depressive disorder. However, due to the risk of severe side effects and the development of safer antidepressants, its use has declined.

Side Effects

The use of iproclozide can lead to several side effects, including:

• Hypertensive crisis (especially when taken with tyramine-rich foods)
• Orthostatic hypotension
• Insomnia
• Weight gain
• Sexual dysfunction

Interactions

Iproclozide can interact with various substances, leading to potentially dangerous effects. Notable interactions include:

• Tyramine-rich foods (e.g., aged cheese, cured meats)
• Other antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
• Sympathomimetic drugs

Withdrawal and Discontinuation

Abrupt discontinuation of iproclozide can lead to withdrawal symptoms, including:

• Anxiety
• Agitation
• Dizziness
• Nausea

History

Iproclozide was developed and introduced in the mid-20th century. It was one of the earlier MAOIs used for the treatment of depression. However, due to its side effect profile and the advent of newer antidepressants, its use has significantly decreased.

See Also

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
• Antidepressant
• Major depressive disorder
• Serotonin
• Norepinephrine
• Dopamine