Leptospermum scoparium

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Manukaflowers

Tea tree, Leptospermum scoparium

Leptospermum scoparium 'Wiri Donna' kz2

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ManukaEssentialOil

Leptospermum scoparium

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Leptospermum scoparium in bloom

Leptospermum scoparium, commonly known as mānuka, manuka myrtle, or New Zealand tea tree, is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae. It is native to New Zealand and southeast Australia. The plant is notable for its small, aromatic leaves and its profusion of white or pink flowers.

Description

Leptospermum scoparium is a shrub or small tree that typically grows to a height of 2-5 meters, but can occasionally reach up to 15 meters. The leaves are small, narrow, and pointed, measuring about 7-20 mm long and 2-6 mm wide. The flowers are usually white, sometimes pink, and are about 8-15 mm in diameter. The fruit is a small, woody capsule that contains numerous tiny seeds.

Habitat and Distribution

Leptospermum scoparium is found in a variety of habitats, including coastal areas, lowland forests, and alpine regions. It is particularly common in New Zealand, where it is widespread across both the North and South Islands. In Australia, it is found in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, and Tasmania.

Ecology

The plant is an important component of the New Zealand ecosystem. It provides habitat and food for various insects, birds, and other wildlife. The flowers are particularly attractive to bees, which produce manuka honey from the nectar. Manuka honey is highly valued for its unique properties and potential health benefits.

Uses

Leptospermum scoparium has been used traditionally by the Māori people for various medicinal purposes. The leaves were used to make a tea, which is how the plant got its common name, "New Zealand tea tree." The essential oil extracted from the leaves has antimicrobial properties and is used in various natural health products.

Cultivation

Leptospermum scoparium is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes. It is valued for its attractive flowers and foliage, as well as its hardiness and adaptability to different soil types and conditions. The plant prefers well-drained soil and a sunny position but can tolerate partial shade.

Related Species

Leptospermum scoparium is closely related to other species in the genus Leptospermum, which includes about 80 species of shrubs and small trees. Some related species include:

• Leptospermum laevigatum (Coastal Tea Tree)
• Leptospermum polygalifolium (Tantoon)
• Leptospermum petersonii (Lemon-scented Tea Tree)

See Also

• Myrtaceae
• Manuka honey
• New Zealand flora
• Australian flora