Marek's disease

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A viral disease affecting chickens



Marek's disease is a highly contagious viral disease in chickens caused by an alphaherpesvirus known as Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2. It is characterized by the presence of lymphomas, immunosuppression, and neurological symptoms. The disease is named after the Hungarian veterinarian József Marek, who first described the condition in 1907.

Virology[edit | edit source]

Marek's disease is caused by a herpesvirus that primarily affects chickens, although it can also infect other poultry species. The virus is classified into three serotypes:

  • Serotype 1: Oncogenic strains that cause the disease.
  • Serotype 2: Non-oncogenic strains found in chickens.
  • Serotype 3: Non-oncogenic strains found in turkeys.

The virus is transmitted through aerosols and fomites, with infected birds shedding the virus in feather dander.

Pathogenesis[edit | edit source]

The pathogenesis of Marek's disease involves several stages:

Clinical Signs[edit | edit source]

Ocular Marek's disease showing irregular pupil shape and color changes.

Clinical signs of Marek's disease vary depending on the form of the disease:

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of Marek's disease is based on clinical signs, histopathology, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. The presence of lymphoid tumors and enlarged nerves are indicative of the disease.

Prevention and Control[edit | edit source]

The primary method of controlling Marek's disease is through vaccination. Vaccines are typically administered to day-old chicks and provide protection against the oncogenic strains of the virus. Good biosecurity practices are also essential to prevent the spread of the virus.

Related pages[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD