Medullary cystic disease

Medullary Cystic Disease (MCD), also known as Medullary Sponge Kidney, is a rare genetic disorder affecting the kidneys. It is characterized by the formation of cysts in the inner part of the kidneys, specifically in the medulla.

Overview

Medullary Cystic Disease is a type of cystic kidney disease that primarily affects the medulla of the kidneys. The disease is progressive, leading to chronic kidney disease and eventually kidney failure. The disease is typically diagnosed in adulthood, although it can occur at any age.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Medullary Cystic Disease can vary greatly from person to person. Some individuals may not experience any symptoms, while others may experience symptoms such as blood in the urine, frequent urinary tract infections, and kidney stones. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include fatigue, nausea, and a decreased ability to concentrate.

Causes

Medullary Cystic Disease is a genetic disorder, meaning it is caused by mutations in certain genes. The disease is typically inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning an affected individual has a 50% chance of passing the disease to each of their children.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Medullary Cystic Disease is typically made through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan. Genetic testing may also be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for Medullary Cystic Disease. Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. This may include medications to control blood pressure and treat urinary tract infections, as well as dietary modifications to reduce the risk of kidney stones. In severe cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be necessary.

See Also

• Polycystic Kidney Disease
• Kidney Failure
• Genetic Disorders
• Chronic Kidney Disease