Methanomicrobiales

Methanomicrobiales is an order of microorganisms within the class Methanomicrobia. They are part of the archaeal domain, which is one of the three primary domains of life, along with bacteria and eukaryotes. Methanomicrobiales are known for their ability to produce methane gas as a metabolic byproduct, a process known as methanogenesis.

Characteristics

Methanomicrobiales are anaerobic organisms, meaning they thrive in environments devoid of oxygen. They are typically found in environments such as wetlands, sediments, and the gastrointestinal tracts of animals.

The cell morphology of Methanomicrobiales is diverse, with species exhibiting coccoid, bacilli, and irregular shapes. They are Gram-negative, and their cell walls contain pseudomurein, a substance similar to peptidoglycan found in bacterial cell walls.

Metabolism

Methanomicrobiales are methanogens, meaning they produce methane as a byproduct of their metabolism. This process, known as methanogenesis, involves the reduction of carbon dioxide or the oxidation of methyl compounds. Methanogenesis is a form of anaerobic respiration, and is a crucial part of the global carbon cycle.

Ecological Role

Methanomicrobiales play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. By converting carbon dioxide into methane, they help to regulate the amount of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. They also contribute to the production of natural gas, a significant source of energy.

Health Implications

While Methanomicrobiales are not typically pathogenic, they can be found in the human gut where they contribute to the overall gut microbiota. Changes in the composition of this microbiota, including the presence of Methanomicrobiales, can have implications for human health.

See Also

• Methanogenesis
• Archaea
• Methanomicrobia
• Microorganism