Methylobacteriaceae

Methylobacteriaceae is a family of bacteria within the order Rhizobiales. This family is characterized by its members' ability to metabolize methane, a unique trait that has significant implications for both environmental and medical research.

Taxonomy

The family Methylobacteriaceae is part of the order Rhizobiales, which falls under the class Alphaproteobacteria. This family includes several genera, such as Methylobacterium, Methylorubrum, and Methylopila.

Characteristics

Members of the Methylobacteriaceae family are Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. They are facultative aerobes, meaning they can survive in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments. The defining characteristic of this family is their ability to metabolize methane, a trait that is relatively rare among bacteria.

Metabolism

Methylobacteriaceae bacteria are capable of metabolizing methane through a process known as methanotrophy. This process involves the oxidation of methane to methanol, which is then further oxidized to formaldehyde. The formaldehyde can be assimilated into biomass or oxidized to carbon dioxide.

Environmental Significance

Methanotrophy plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. By converting methane, a potent greenhouse gas, into carbon dioxide, Methylobacteriaceae bacteria help to mitigate the effects of climate change.

Medical Significance

While Methylobacteriaceae bacteria are not typically pathogenic, they have been found in various human body sites, including the skin, oral cavity, and respiratory tract. Their presence in these areas suggests a potential role in human health, although further research is needed to fully understand this relationship.

See Also

• Methanotroph
• Methylobacterium
• Methylorubrum
• Methylopila