Miculicz syndrome

Miculicz syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the enlargement of the salivary glands and lacrimal glands. It was first described by the Polish surgeon Józef Mikulicz-Radecki in 1892, hence the name.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Miculicz syndrome include persistent swelling of the salivary and lacrimal glands. This can lead to dry mouth (xerostomia) and dry eyes (xerophthalmia). Other symptoms may include fever, fatigue, and joint pain.

Causes

The exact cause of Miculicz syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disease, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. Some researchers suggest that it may be a subtype of Sjögren's syndrome, another autoimmune disorder that also affects the salivary and lacrimal glands.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Miculicz syndrome is based on the clinical symptoms and physical examination. Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI may be used to assess the extent of gland enlargement. A biopsy of the affected gland may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

There is no cure for Miculicz syndrome, and treatment is aimed at managing the symptoms. This may include artificial tears for dry eyes, mouth moisturizers for dry mouth, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain and inflammation. In severe cases, surgery may be required to reduce the size of the glands.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Miculicz syndrome varies. While the condition is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact the quality of life due to persistent discomfort and the potential for complications such as dental cavities due to dry mouth.

See also

• Sjögren's syndrome
• Salivary gland diseases
• Autoimmune diseases

NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Miculicz syndrome

Miculicz syndrome is a rare disease.

Miculicz syndrome Resources
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