Miller Fisher syndrome

Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS) is a rare, acquired nerve disease that is considered to be a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome. It is characterized by abnormal muscle coordination, paralysis of the eye muscles, and absence of the tendon reflexes. Like Guillain-Barré syndrome, symptoms may be preceded by a viral illness.

Symptoms

The classic triad of symptoms for Miller Fisher Syndrome includes ataxia, areflexia, and ophthalmoplegia. Ataxia, or the loss of full control of bodily movements, is often the first symptom to appear in MFS. Areflexia, or the absence of neurologic reflexes, is another key symptom. Ophthalmoplegia, or paralysis of the eye muscles, can lead to difficulties in movement and focus.

Causes

The exact cause of Miller Fisher Syndrome is unknown. However, it is often preceded by an infection, such as a respiratory tract infection or gastroenteritis. It is believed that the body's immune response to these infections may mistakenly attack the nerves, leading to the symptoms of MFS.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Miller Fisher Syndrome is based on the characteristic symptoms and a medical history that indicates a preceding infection. Additional tests, such as a lumbar puncture or nerve conduction study, may be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for Miller Fisher Syndrome is primarily supportive, as the condition usually resolves on its own within a few months. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or plasmapheresis may be used to speed recovery. Physical therapy may also be needed to improve muscle strength and coordination.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Miller Fisher Syndrome is generally good, with most individuals experiencing a complete recovery. However, some may continue to experience residual symptoms, such as difficulty with balance or eye movements.

See also

• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis
• Neurology