Mitral valve repair

Mitral Valve Repair is a surgical procedure aimed at treating diseases of the Mitral valve, a critical component of the human heart. This procedure is often preferred over Mitral valve replacement due to its numerous advantages, including better preservation of heart function, lower risk of complications, and avoidance of lifelong anticoagulation therapy.

Anatomy of the Mitral Valve

The Mitral valve is one of the four valves in the human heart. It is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, and its primary function is to ensure unidirectional blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle. The valve consists of two leaflets, the anterior and the posterior, which open and close in response to pressure changes during the cardiac cycle.

Indications for Mitral Valve Repair

Mitral valve repair is indicated in patients with severe Mitral valve regurgitation, a condition characterized by the backward flow of blood due to improper closure of the mitral valve. Other indications include Mitral valve prolapse, Mitral valve stenosis, and certain congenital heart defects.

Procedure

Mitral valve repair can be performed through open-heart surgery or minimally invasive techniques. The choice of procedure depends on the patient's overall health, the nature of the valve disease, and the surgeon's expertise. The goal of the procedure is to restore the normal function of the mitral valve by repairing the affected leaflets or by implanting a ring to reinforce the valve's structure.

Postoperative Care and Prognosis

After the procedure, patients are closely monitored in the intensive care unit. They may require anticoagulation therapy to prevent blood clots. The prognosis after mitral valve repair is generally good, with most patients experiencing significant improvement in their symptoms and quality of life.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, mitral valve repair carries some risks, including bleeding, infection, and complications from anesthesia. Specific to this procedure, there is a risk of residual or recurrent mitral regurgitation, heart rhythm disturbances, and in rare cases, the need for a repeat surgery.