Mozambique

Mozambique (orthographic projection)

Location Mozambique AU Africa.svg

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Mozambique (3912235854)

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Mozambique n2.jpg

Republic of Mozambique
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Unidade, Trabalho, Vigilância"
Anthem: "Pátria Amada"
Capital and largest city	Maputo
Official languages	Portuguese
Ethnic groups	Makua, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, others
Demonym(s)	Mozambican
Government	Unitary presidential republic
• President	Filipe Nyusi
• Prime Minister	Adriano Maleiane
Area
• Total	801,590 km2 (309,500 sq mi) (35th)
Population
• 2023 estimate	31,255,435
• Density	39/km2 (101.0/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$48.1 billion
• Per capita	$1,540
Currency	Mozambican metical (MZN)
Time zone	UTC+2 (CAT)
Driving side	left
Calling code	+258
ISO 3166 code	[[ISO 3166-2:MZ |MZ ]]
Internet TLD	.mz

Mozambique (

Portuguese

Moçambique

), officially the Republic of Mozambique (Portuguese: República de Moçambique ), is a country located in Southeast Africa. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini (Swaziland) and South Africa to the southwest. The capital and largest city is Maputo.

History

The area now known as Mozambique was inhabited by early humans for thousands of years. The region was later influenced by the Bantu expansion and the arrival of Arab and Swahili traders. In the late 15th century, Portuguese explorers arrived, and Mozambique became a Portuguese colony in the 16th century. The country gained independence from Portugal on June 25, 1975, following the Mozambican War of Independence.

Geography

Mozambique is characterized by a diverse landscape that includes coastal plains, mountains, and plateaus. The country has several major rivers, including the Zambezi, Limpopo, and Rovuma. The climate varies from tropical to subtropical.

Politics

Mozambique is a unitary state with a presidential system. The President is both the head of state and government. The current President is Filipe Nyusi, and the Prime Minister is Adriano Maleiane. The country has a multi-party system, with the FRELIMO party being the dominant political force since independence.

Economy

Mozambique's economy is based on agriculture, mining, and tourism. Key agricultural products include cassava, maize, and sugarcane. The country is rich in natural resources such as coal, natural gas, and titanium. Despite economic growth, Mozambique remains one of the world's poorest countries.

Demographics

Mozambique has a population of approximately 31 million people. The official language is Portuguese, but numerous indigenous languages are also spoken, including Makua, Tsonga, and Sena. The majority of the population practices Christianity, with significant Muslim and indigenous religious minorities.

Culture

Mozambique has a rich cultural heritage influenced by its diverse ethnic groups and colonial history. Traditional music, dance, and art are integral parts of Mozambican culture. The country is known for its Marrabenta music and Timbila dance.

Education and Health

Education in Mozambique is compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 12. The country faces challenges in providing quality education and healthcare services. Common health issues include malaria, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis.

See also

• Geography of Mozambique
• History of Mozambique
• Economy of Mozambique
• Politics of Mozambique
• Culture of Mozambique