Mozavaptan

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Mozavaptan

Mozavaptan is a vasopressin receptor antagonist used in the treatment of hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). It was developed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical and is marketed under the brand name Samsca.

Mechanism of Action

Mozavaptan works by blocking the action of vasopressin, a hormone that regulates the body's water balance. By inhibiting the vasopressin V2 receptors in the kidneys, Mozavaptan increases the excretion of water, thereby increasing the concentration of sodium in the blood.

Clinical Use

Mozavaptan is used to treat hyponatremia in patients with SIADH, a condition in which the body produces too much antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and low sodium levels. It is also used in the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Mozavaptan include dry mouth, thirst, and increased urination. In rare cases, it can cause severe liver damage, leading to the need for a liver transplant.

Pharmacokinetics

Mozavaptan is taken orally and is metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. It has a half-life of approximately 12 hours and is excreted primarily in the urine.

Regulatory Status

Mozavaptan was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States in 2009 for the treatment of hyponatremia. It is also approved for use in several other countries, including Japan and the European Union.