Neonatal death

Neonatal death refers to the death of a baby within the first 28 days of life. This period is further subdivided into early (0–7 days) and late (8–28 days) neonatal periods. Neonatal death is a significant contributor to child mortality, particularly in developing countries.

Causes

The major causes of neonatal death include preterm birth, infections, and birth asphyxia. Other causes include congenital anomalies, diarrhea, and pneumonia.

Preterm birth

Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal death. It is defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation. Preterm babies are at a higher risk of death due to their immature organs and systems.

Infections

Infections are a major cause of neonatal death, particularly in low-income countries. These include sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia.

Birth asphyxia

Birth asphyxia refers to a condition where a baby does not receive enough oxygen before, during, or just after birth. This can lead to brain damage and death.

Prevention

Prevention of neonatal death involves a combination of strategies including antenatal care, safe childbirth practices, and neonatal care.

Antenatal care

Antenatal care involves regular check-ups during pregnancy to monitor the health of the mother and the baby. This can help identify and manage potential problems early.

Safe childbirth practices

Safe childbirth practices include skilled birth attendance, clean birth practices, and immediate newborn care.

Neonatal care

Neonatal care involves providing appropriate care for the newborn, including breastfeeding, kangaroo mother care, and immunization.

See also

• Infant mortality
• Child mortality
• Maternal mortality

Neonatal death Resources
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