Neoplastic meningitis

Neoplastic meningitis, also known as leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, is a rare complication of cancer in which the disease spreads from the primary tumor site to the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This condition is most commonly associated with certain types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma, but can occur with any cancer that spreads (metastasizes).

Symptoms

The symptoms of neoplastic meningitis can vary widely and are often similar to those of other neurological conditions, making diagnosis challenging. Common symptoms include headache, nausea, vomiting, and changes in mental status. Other symptoms can include weakness, sensory loss, and seizures.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of neoplastic meningitis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to visualize the brain and spinal cord, while a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) can be used to collect cerebrospinal fluid for analysis.

Treatment

Treatment for neoplastic meningitis is typically palliative, aimed at relieving symptoms and improving quality of life. This can include corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and swelling, anticonvulsants to control seizures, and pain medication. In some cases, chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be used to slow the progression of the disease.

Prognosis

The prognosis for neoplastic meningitis is generally poor, with a median survival time of 2-3 months. However, survival can vary widely depending on the type and stage of the underlying cancer, the patient's overall health, and the effectiveness of treatment.

See also

• Cancer
• Meningitis
• Metastasis

Neoplastic meningitis Resources
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