Noncommunicable disease

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. They are of long duration and generally slow progression. The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular diseases (like heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructed pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes.

Overview

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people each year, equivalent to 71% of all deaths globally. Each year, 15 million people die from a NCD between the ages of 30 and 69 years; over 85% of these "premature" deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.

Types of Noncommunicable Diseases

Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular diseases are a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. They include coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. These diseases are often preventable through lifestyle changes and medication.

Cancers

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. There are many types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Chronic respiratory diseases are diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung. Two of the most common are asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Treatment typically involves medication and lifestyle changes.

Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also known as blood sugar, is too high. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Treatment typically involves medication, diet, and exercise.

Prevention and Control

Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases primarily involves reducing risk factors associated with these diseases. This can be achieved through public health interventions and lifestyle changes.

See Also

• Public Health
• Chronic Disease
• Healthcare