Oligodontia

Oligodontia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the congenital absence of six or more permanent teeth, excluding the third molars. It is a form of hypodontia, which is the absence of one to six teeth, and is often associated with disorders such as ectodermal dysplasia and Down syndrome.

Etiology[edit | edit source]

The exact cause of oligodontia is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Mutations in the AXIN2, MSX1, and PAX9 genes have been associated with oligodontia. These genes are involved in the development of teeth and mutations can disrupt this process, leading to the absence of teeth.

Clinical Features[edit | edit source]

Patients with oligodontia often present with missing teeth, which can be detected through dental examinations and radiographs. Other features may include small and misshapen teeth, delayed eruption of permanent teeth, and malocclusion. The absence of teeth can also affect the development of the jaw and facial structure, leading to changes in facial appearance.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of oligodontia is based on clinical examination and radiographic findings. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify mutations in the associated genes.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for oligodontia is aimed at improving the function and appearance of the teeth. This may involve the use of dental prosthetics, such as dentures or dental implants, to replace missing teeth. Orthodontic treatment may also be required to correct malocclusion.

References[edit | edit source]

Oligodontia Resources
Need Help Finding a Doctor? Need help finding a doctor or specialist anywhere in the world? Explore our world directory. WikiMD's DocFinder can assist you in locating millions of physicians.	Medical Knowledge Access the latest research - Most recent articles Ongoing trials.