Opisthotonos

Opisthotonos is a type of abnormal posturing in which a person's spine and head are arched backward. This condition is often associated with severe spasms and can be a symptom of various neurological disorders and other medical conditions.

Causes

Opisthotonos can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:

• Meningitis: This is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by a variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
• Tetanus: This is a serious bacterial infection that affects the nervous system and causes severe muscle stiffness and spasms.
• Strychnine poisoning: Strychnine is a strong poison that can cause severe muscle spasms and other symptoms.
• Encephalitis: This is an inflammation of the brain that can be caused by a variety of organisms, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
• Brain tumor: A tumor in the brain can cause a variety of symptoms, including abnormal posturing.

Symptoms

The main symptom of opisthotonos is severe arching of the back, with the head and heels bent backward and the body bowed forward. Other symptoms can include:

• Severe muscle spasms
• Pain
• Fever
• Difficulty swallowing
• Seizures

Treatment

Treatment for opisthotonos depends on the underlying cause. This can include:

• Antibiotics for bacterial infections
• Antiviral medications for viral infections
• Surgery to remove a brain tumor
• Medications to control seizures and muscle spasms

See also

• Decerebrate and decorticate postures
• Tetany
• Tonic seizure

Opisthotonos Resources
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