PAIR (puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration)
PAIR (Puncture-Aspiration-Injection-Reaspiration)[edit | edit source]
PAIR is a minimally invasive medical procedure used primarily in the treatment of cystic echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease. This technique involves a series of steps designed to safely and effectively manage cysts caused by the parasitic infection.
Procedure[edit | edit source]
The PAIR technique consists of four main steps:
1. Puncture: The procedure begins with the puncture of the cyst using a fine needle. This step is performed under ultrasound or CT guidance to ensure accuracy and minimize the risk of complications.
2. Aspiration: Once the cyst is punctured, the fluid content is aspirated. This helps to reduce the size of the cyst and relieve pressure on surrounding tissues.
3. Injection: After aspiration, a scolicidal agent is injected into the cyst cavity. Commonly used agents include hypertonic saline or ethanol, which are intended to kill the parasitic larvae within the cyst.
4. Reaspiration: Finally, the cyst is reaspirated to remove the injected scolicidal agent along with any remaining cystic fluid. This step helps to ensure that the cyst is effectively treated and reduces the risk of recurrence.
Indications[edit | edit source]
PAIR is indicated for patients with cystic echinococcosis who have:
- Cysts that are accessible and suitable for percutaneous treatment. - Cysts that are not complicated by infection or communication with the biliary tree. - Patients who are not suitable candidates for surgical intervention due to medical comorbidities or other factors.
Advantages[edit | edit source]
The PAIR technique offers several advantages over traditional surgical methods:
- It is less invasive, reducing recovery time and hospital stay. - It can be performed under local anesthesia, which is beneficial for patients who cannot tolerate general anesthesia. - It has a lower risk of complications compared to open surgery.
Limitations[edit | edit source]
Despite its advantages, PAIR is not suitable for all patients. Limitations include:
- The risk of spillage of cyst contents, which can lead to secondary echinococcosis. - Not recommended for cysts that are calcified or have thick walls. - Requires careful patient selection and experienced operators.
Related pages[edit | edit source]
- Cystic echinococcosis - Hydatid disease - Scolicidal agent - Ultrasound-guided procedures
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
|
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
| Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
