Pastia's sign

Pastia's Sign is a clinical manifestation often associated with Scarlet Fever, a disease caused by infection with group A Streptococcus bacteria. Named after the Romanian pediatrician Henric Streitman Pastia, this sign is characterized by the presence of a pink or red rash that appears in the skin folds.

Definition

Pastia's Sign is defined as the presence of a linear, red rash that appears in the skin folds, particularly in the axillary, inguinal, and antecubital regions. This rash is often associated with Scarlet Fever, but can also be seen in other conditions such as Kawasaki Disease and Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Clinical Significance

The presence of Pastia's Sign is a key diagnostic feature of Scarlet Fever. It helps differentiate this condition from other diseases that present with a similar rash, such as Measles or Rubella. The rash typically appears on the second day of illness and fades after 6-7 days, but the desquamation (peeling) in the areas of the rash can last for several weeks.

Pathophysiology

The rash of Pastia's Sign is caused by the release of pyrogenic exotoxins by group A Streptococcus bacteria. These toxins act as superantigens, triggering a massive immune response that leads to inflammation and rash.

Treatment

Treatment of Pastia's Sign involves addressing the underlying cause, which is typically an infection with group A Streptococcus. This is usually accomplished with antibiotics such as Penicillin or Amoxicillin. In addition to antibiotics, supportive care such as hydration and fever management is also important.

See Also

• Scarlet Fever
• Streptococcus
• Kawasaki Disease
• Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis