Pennyroyal Oil
An essential oil derived from the leaves of the pennyroyal plant, used historically in herbal medicine.
Template:Infobox essential oil
Pennyroyal oil is an essential oil derived from the leaves of the pennyroyal plant, which includes two main species: Mentha pulegium (European pennyroyal) and Hedeoma pulegioides (American pennyroyal). This oil has been used historically in herbal medicine for various purposes, but it is important to note that pennyroyal oil is highly toxic and can be lethal if ingested.
Historical Uses[edit | edit source]
Pennyroyal oil has a long history of use in traditional medicine. It was commonly used as an abortifacient, an emmenagogue to stimulate menstrual flow, and as a carminative to relieve flatulence. Additionally, it was used as an insect repellent and to treat respiratory ailments.
Chemical Composition[edit | edit source]
The primary active component of pennyroyal oil is pulegone, a monoterpene that is responsible for the oil's characteristic aroma and its toxic properties. Other components include menthone, isomenthone, and limonene.
Toxicity[edit | edit source]
Pennyroyal oil is highly toxic, particularly due to its high pulegone content. Ingestion of even small amounts can cause severe liver and kidney damage, seizures, and can be fatal. Symptoms of pennyroyal oil poisoning include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and central nervous system depression. Due to its toxicity, the use of pennyroyal oil is not recommended for any medicinal purposes.
Modern Use and Regulation[edit | edit source]
In modern times, the use of pennyroyal oil has declined significantly due to its known toxicity. It is not approved for any therapeutic use by major health organizations, and its sale is restricted in many countries. The oil is sometimes used in very diluted forms in aromatherapy, but even this use is controversial and not widely recommended.
Safety Precautions[edit | edit source]
Extreme caution should be exercised when handling pennyroyal oil. It should never be ingested, and skin contact should be avoided. If exposure occurs, seek medical attention immediately.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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